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迦納共和國 |
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Republic of Ghana |
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（大陸官方稱呼） |
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發動政變時間 |
1966, 1972, 1978, 1979, 1981 |
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政治體制（1988） |
Military Oligarchy |
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政治體制（1999） |
Multi-Party State |
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參考文獻 |
Baffour Agyeman-Duah, "Ghana, 1982-86: The Politics of the PNDC," Journal of Modern African Studies, Volume 25, Number 4. (December 1987), 613-642.
James C. W. Ahiakpor, "Rawlings Economic Reforms and the Poor: Consistency or Betrayal?," Journal of Modern African Studies, Volume 29, Number 4. (December 1991), 583-600.
Nicholas Amponah, "Ghana’s Mixed Structural Adjustment Results: Explaining the Poor Private Sector Response," Africa Today, Volume 47, Number 2. (Spring 2000), 9-32.
Joseph R. A. Ayee, "The December 1996 General Elections in Ghana," Electoral Studies, Volume 16, Issue 3. (September 1997), 416-427.
Simon Baynham, "Divide et Impera: Civilian Control of the Military in Ghana’s Second and Third Republics," Journal of Modern African Studies, Volume 23, Number 4. (December 1985), 623-642.
Simon Baynham, "Civil-Military Relations in Ghana’s Second Republic," Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Volume 4, Numbers 1 & 2. (1984-1985), 71-88.
David Brown, "Borderline Politics in Ghana: The National Liberation Movement of Western Togoland," Journal of Modern African Studies, Volume 18, Number 4. (December 1980), 575-609.
David Brown, "Sieges and Scapegoats: The Politics of Pluralism in Ghana and Togo," Journal of Modern African Studies, Volume 21, Number 3. (September 1983), 431-460.
James Busumtwi-Sam, "Models of Economic Development in Africa: Lessons from the Experiences of Ghana, 1957-1995," Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, Volume 34, Issue 3. (November 1996), .
Dennis L. Cohen, "The Convention People’s Party of Ghana: Representational or Solidarity Party?," Canadian Journal of African Studies, Volume 4, Number 2. (Spring 1970), 173-194.
E. Gyimah-Boadi, "Ghana’s Uncertain Political Opening," Journal of Democracy, Volume 5. (April 1994), 82.
E. Gyimah-Boadi, "Notes on Ghana’s Current Transition to Constitutional Rule," Africa Today, Volume 38, Number 4. (1991), 5-18.
Jeffrey Haynes, "Democratic Consolidation in Africa: The Problematic Case of Ghana," Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, Volume 41, Issue 1. (March 2003), 48-76.
Jeffrey Haynes, "Human Rights and Democracy in Ghana: The Record of the Rawlings’ Regime," African Affairs, Volume 90, Number 360. (July 1991), 407-425.
Eboe Hutchful, "Military Policy and Reform in Ghana," Journal of Modern African Studies, Volume 35, Number 2. (June 1997), 251-278.
Eboe Hutchful, "Reconstructing Civil-Military Relations and the Collapse of Democracy in Ghana, 1979-81," African Affairs, Volume 96, Number 385. (October 1997), 535-560.
Richard Jeffries, "The Ghanaian Elections of 1996: Towards the Consolidation of Democracy?," African Affairs, Volume 97, Number 387. (April 1998), 189-208.
Richard Jeffries and Clare Thomas, "The Ghanaian Elections of 1992," African Affairs, Volume 92. (July 1993), 335-337.
Ronald T. Libby, "External Co-optation of a Less Developed Country’s Policy Making: The Case of Ghana, 1969-1972," World Politics, Volume 29, Number 1. (October 1976), 67-89.
Gwendolyn Mikell, "Peasant Politiscisation and Economic recuperation in Ghana: Local and National Dilemmas," Journal of Modern African Studies, Volume 27, Number 3. (June 1989), 455-478.
Kwame A. Ninsin, "Ghanaian Politics after 1981: Revolution or Evolution?," Canadian Journal of African Studies, Volume 21, Number 1. (1987), 17-37.
Paul Nugent, "Winners, Losers and Also Rans: Money, Moral Authority and Voting Patterns in the Ghana 2000 Election," African Affairs, Volume 100, Number 400. (July 2001), 405-428.
Abiodun Onadipe, "Democracy in Ghana: The Rawlings Mystique Endures," Contemporary Review, Volume 270, Number 1575. (April 1997), 190-195.
Mike Oquaye, "The Ghanaian Elections of 1992 – A Dissenting View," African Affairs, Volume 94, Number 375. (April 1995), 259-275.
Mike Oquaye, "Decentralisation and Development: The Ghanaian Case under the Provisional National Defense Council," Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, Volume 33, Issue 2. (July 1995), .
Mike Oquaye, "The Process of Democratisation in Contemporary Ghana," Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, Volume 38, Issue 3. (November 2000), .
Maxwell Owusu, "Tradition and Transformation: Democracy and the Politics of Popular Power in Ghana," Journal of Modern African Studies, Volume 34, Number 2. (June 1996), 307-343.
Robert M. Price, "Neo-Colonialism and Ghana’s Economic Decline: A Critical Assessment," Canadian Journal of African Studies, Volume 18, Number 1. (1984), 163-193.
Robert M. Price, "Military Officers and Political Leadership: The Ghanaian Case," Comparative Politics, Volume 3, Number 3. (April 1971), 361-379.
Robert M. Price, "A Theoretical Approach to Military Rule in New States: Reference-Group Theory and the Ghanaian Case," World Politics, Volume 23, Number 3. (April 1971), 399-430.
Donald Rothchild and E. Gyimah-Boadi, "Populism in Ghana and Burkina Faso," Current History, Volume 87, Number 529. (May 1988), 538.
Selwyn Ryan, "The Theory and Practice of African One Partyism: The CPP Re-Examined," Canadian Journal of African Studies, Volume 4, Number 2. (Spring 1970), 145-172.
Daniel Smith, "Ghana’s 2000 Elections: Consolidating Multi-Party Democracy," Electoral Studies, Volume 21, Issue 3. (September 2000), 519-526.
Roger Tangri, "The Politics of Government-Business Relations in Ghana," Journal of Modern , Volume 30, Number 1. (March 1992), 97-111.
Roger Tangri, "The Politics of State Divestiture in Ghana," African Affairs, Volume 90, Number 361. (October 1991), 523-536.
Eleanor E. Zeff, "New Directions in Understanding Military and Civilian Regimes in Ghana," African Studies Review, Volume 24, Number 1. (March 1981), 49-72.
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